We need used to + infinitive to compare the past with the present: ‘I used to eat fish, but now I don’t.’ We use it to discuss repeated actions (habits) and states in the past which are not true now.
Time: completed actions in general past – not a specific time: ‘I used to play the piano last Friday / in 1989.’
Positive: used to / Negative: did not use to / Question: did you use to? (auxiliary verb: did)
Note: use to sounds the same as used to because of connected speech, but we should write use to.
The second clause is often present simple or present perfect, e.g. ‘I used to like Uno, but I haven’t played in ages.’
If nothing has changed, we can use still: ‘I used to like pasta and I still do.’
Can be used as an alternative to past simple; not connected with verb ‘to use’ or the construction ‘get / be used to’.
We can use would in a similar way to used to – especially to tell a story – but not with past states, e.g. be, have, etc.
Practice using used to + infinitive with the free printable worksheets below:
Repeated Actions in the Past with Used to – Free Worksheet 1:
Work with a partner or small group to practice your speaking and listening skills and talk about home improvement!
New VocabularyMark the stressed vowel sound in each word or phrase:
accident
achievement
botched job
damage
decorating
DIY
electrician
extension
flooring
interior design
mess
overalls
planning permission
plumber
power tool
renovation
repair
safety
self-build
toolbox
Discussion QuestionsAsk and answer them with a partner or small group:
Are you DIY-mad? Own your own overalls? Love browsing DIY superstores on Saturday afternoons? Do you enjoy painting and decorating? Do you always have a project on the go and handle power tools like a pro? If yes, how did you learn DIY techniques? Are there any DIY tasks you can’t do? Do you believe that parents should hand down these practical skills to their children? What is your favourite home improvement job? Do you feel a great sense of achievement with a job well done? How do you put up with the mess?
Have you got a massive toolbox? Do you know the names of all the tools? Do you know what they are for? Can you say when and why you would use these tools: a) hammer, b) screwdriver, c) wrench, d) saw, e) chisel, f) drill, g) tape measure, h) sandpaper, i) ladder, j) spirit level, k) spanner, l) pliers, m) scissors?
Have you ever considered doing a self-build – building a new home from scratch? Is it possible in your country to buy a plot of land and build a house? Would you rather design it yourself, or buy a template?
Do you need planning permission from the council if you want to make physical changes to your property? Why? Have you ever been refused permission to perform work on your own home? What happened?
Is DIY the exclusive domain of men? Are girls keen to become professional tradespeople? Is the language used around home improvement sexist, e.g. ‘handyman’ and ‘tradesman’? Why? / Why not?
Is there anything that needs doing in your home? When are you planning to do it? How will you ensure your and others’ safety? Have you ever hired a cowboy builder and watched them make a botched job?
Are your neighbours heavily into DIY? Do you often hear drilling and banging from next door from morning till night? How do you deal with the disturbance? Maybe you are a noisy neighbour. Is it OK to disturb other residents in the name of home improvement, or should people be more considerate?
Is it better to become an apprentice and train to be an electrician, plumber, or builder, rather than going to university to study a ‘soft’ subject like Media Studies or Art History? Why? / Why not?
Have you ever had an accident while carrying out home improvement? What caused it? What was the result? Do you regret your actions? What is the most dangerous tool in the toolbox?
English Idioms about Home ImprovementSay a new sentence with each idiom:
a bad worker always blames their tools
an Englishman’s home is his castle
be as hard / tough as nails
be careful / take care
be in a good / poor state of repair
(don’t) bite off more than you can chew
drive somebody up the wall
give it your best shot
hammer something home
have the right tool for the job
if a job’s worth doing it’s worth doing well
if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it
know the tricks of the trade
lay the groundwork
make a mess
rock something to its (very) foundations
safety first
take your time
there’s no quick fix
tool up
Discussion Situations about Home ImprovementWhat would you do if…?
Your partner gets heavily into interior design and decides to change every room in your home, including your favourite room.
While excavating ground for your home extension, you find an old chest containing ten thousand Spanish doubloons.
You get home from a DIY store to find that the laminate flooring you bought is slightly the wrong shade of egg-white.
While undertaking a routine DIY job at your mother-in-law’s home you crack an ancient vase. You must repair the damage!
The continual racket from different neighbours’ DIY projects has been driving you up the wall for months.
A friend has broken the wrench your father left you in his will.
You discover a wonderful old abandoned building which is in dire need of careful renovation. Unfortunately your bank won’t lend you enough money to begin the work.
It’s your first day as a builder, but you can’t find your thermos.
You want to improve your home but your partner is not sure.
You make a botched job of your neighbours’ bathroom refit.
You are refused planning permission to build a new conservatory because one person has objected.
Your daughter tells you that she wants to become a brickie.
Talking about Pictures
Describe the pictures below.
Discuss them.
Compare them.
Create a quiz about them using different question types: comprehension, wh-, yes/no, true/false/unknown, etc.
Improvise a dialogue or story.
Extension: Now try each exercise again without using any of the 20 keywords!